Rationalization of Latent Functions in Public Policy
Implications for Fraud Risk and Public Sector Accounting
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59001/pjeb.v5i2.1323Keywords:
latent functions, policy failure, policy rationalization, public policy evaluation, public sector accountingAbstract
Public policy evaluation aims to ensure that government programs achieve their intended objectives and generate optimal public value. This study examines policy rationalization through latent functions, identifies its implications for assessing program success, and analyzes the phenomenon from a public sector accounting perspective. The study employs a conceptual literature review with a theory synthesis design, integrating insights from public policy, public sector accounting, and sociology. The findings indicate that latent functions are often used to justify the continuation of policies that fail to achieve their primary objectives, leading to goal displacement and reinforcing the persistence of policy failure. This condition not only creates evaluation bias but also risks obscuring program failure and enabling opportunistic behavior and potential fraud. From a public sector accounting perspective, this phenomenon reflects a misalignment between policy objectives, budget allocation, and program outcomes. The novelty of this study lies in developing a conceptual framework that explains policy rationalization as a mechanism of shifting from manifest to latent functions in sustaining failed programs, along with its implications for the deviation between policy objectives, budget allocation, and outcomes within a public sector accounting perspective. Theoretically, this study contributes to interdisciplinary discussions on policy evaluation and public accountability. Practically, it highlights the importance of strengthening outcome-based evaluation to ensure accountability and policy effectiveness.
Evaluasi kebijakan publik bertujuan untuk memastikan bahwa program pemerintah mencapai tujuan yang telah ditetapkan dan menghasilkan nilai publik yang optimal. Penelitian ini mengkaji rasionalisasi kebijakan melalui fungsi laten, mengidentifikasi implikasinya terhadap penilaian keberhasilan program, serta menganalisis fenomena tersebut dari perspektif akuntansi sektor publik. Penelitian ini menggunakan tinjauan literatur konseptual dengan desain sintesis teori yang mengintegrasikan wawasan dari bidang kebijakan publik, akuntansi sektor publik, dan sosiologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fungsi laten sering digunakan untuk membenarkan keberlanjutan kebijakan yang gagal mencapai tujuan utamanya, sehingga menyebabkan pergeseran tujuan (goal displacement) dan memperkuat keberlangsungan kegagalan kebijakan. Kondisi ini tidak hanya menciptakan bias dalam evaluasi, tetapi juga berisiko mengaburkan kegagalan program serta memungkinkan terjadinya perilaku oportunistik dan potensi kecurangan. Dari perspektif akuntansi sektor publik, fenomena ini mencerminkan ketidakselarasan antara tujuan kebijakan, alokasi anggaran, dan hasil program. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada pengembangan kerangka konseptual yang menjelaskan rasionalisasi kebijakan sebagai mekanisme pergeseran dari fungsi manifes menuju fungsi laten dalam mempertahankan program yang gagal, beserta implikasinya terhadap penyimpangan antara tujuan kebijakan, alokasi anggaran, dan hasil program dalam perspektif akuntansi sektor publik. Secara teoretis, penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan diskusi interdisipliner mengenai evaluasi kebijakan dan akuntabilitas publik. Secara praktis, penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya memperkuat evaluasi berbasis hasil (outcome-based evaluation) untuk memastikan akuntabilitas dan efektivitas kebijakan.
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