Comparative Analysis of the Islamic Human Development Index across Indonesian Provinces, 2018–2022
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59001/pjeb.v5i2.926Keywords:
economic growth, human development, Islamic Human Development Index, maqashid sharia, regional disparityAbstract
This study compares the Islamic Human Development Index (I-HDI) across all 34 Indonesian provinces from 2018 to 2022 — an index that measures human development by integrating the maqashid sharia dimensions (ad-din, an-nafs, al-aql, an-nasl, and al-mal) alongside an economic growth component, offering a more holistic alternative to the conventional HDI. Employing a descriptive quantitative approach based on secondary data from Statistics Indonesia (BPS), the results show that Indonesia's national I-HDI rose from 69.56 in 2018 to 72.73 in 2021 before declining slightly to 72.54 in 2022. At the provincial level, the top-ranked province shifted over time — from Bali (2018–2020) to West Java (2021) and finally DKI Jakarta (2022, 86.12) — while North Sumatra consistently recorded the lowest score throughout the period (50.84–55.01). These findings reveal a broadly improving yet persistently uneven pattern of human development from an Islamic perspective, with the ad-din dimension and the economic-growth component emerging as key sources of regional disparity. By covering all Indonesian provinces over a recent five-year period, this study offers an updated, nationwide comparative baseline that has been largely absent from prior I-HDI research. Future studies are encouraged to diversify the indicators used, apply inferential methods, and incorporate additional determinant variables to explain these disparities with greater confidence.
Penelitian ini membandingkan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Islami (Islamic Human Development Index / I-HDI) di seluruh 34 provinsi di Indonesia dari tahun 2018 hingga 2022 — sebuah indeks yang mengukur pembangunan manusia dengan mengintegrasikan dimensi maqashid syariah (ad-din, an-nafs, al-aql, an-nasl, dan al-mal) berdampingan dengan komponen pertumbuhan ekonomi, yang menawarkan alternatif lebih holistik terhadap IPM konvensional. Menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif berbasis data sekunder dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa I-HDI nasional Indonesia meningkat dari 69,56 pada tahun 2018 menjadi 72,73 pada tahun 2021 sebelum sedikit menurun menjadi 72,54 pada tahun 2022. Pada tingkat provinsi, peringkat teratas mengalami pergeseran dari waktu ke waktu — dari Bali (2018–2020) ke Jawa Barat (2021) dan akhirnya DKI Jakarta (2022, 86,12) — sementara Sumatera Utara secara konsisten mencatatkan skor terendah sepanjang periode tersebut (50,84–55,01). Temuan ini mengungkapkan pola pembangunan manusia dari perspektif Islam yang secara umum membaik namun tetap menunjukkan ketimpangan yang persisten, dengan dimensi ad-din dan komponen pertumbuhan ekonomi muncul sebagai sumber utama disparitas antarwilayah. Dengan mencakup seluruh provinsi di Indonesia selama periode lima tahun terakhir, penelitian ini menyajikan basis data komparatif berskala nasional yang mutakhir yang sebagian besar belum ada dalam penelitian I-HDI sebelumnya. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk mendiversifikasi indikator yang digunakan, menerapkan metode inferensial, serta memasukkan variabel determinan tambahan guna menjelaskan disparitas ini dengan tingkat keyakinan yang lebih tinggi.
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